Nanofibers as new-generation materials: From spinning and nano-spinning fabrication techniques to emerging applications

Nanofiber unique characteristics and potential applications offer innovative strategies and opportunities for sustainable energy production, and for creative solutions to biomedical, healthcare, and environmental problems. This review summarizes the history and development of nanofiber technology, their unique properties, fabrication techniques (using spinning and non-spinning approaches), and emerging applications in energy harvesting and storage, environmental protection and improvement, and biomedical technology and healthcare. Nanofibers are currently used as electrode and membrane materials for batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and solar cells. Nanofiber membranes are also successfully used for ultra-high air filtration, wastewater treatment, water purification, and blood purification at low pressure. This review will describe the different types of nanostructured fibers (e.g., solid, mesoporous, hollow, core-shell nanofibers) fabricated from natural and synthetic polymers, metal and metal oxides, carbon-based, inorganic-organic hybrid nanofibers and their potential applications. Moreover, it will highlight the current and future research needs in nanofiber-based materials to improve and broaden their applications and commercialization. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

纳米纤维的独特特性和潜在应用为可持续能源生产以及针对生物医学，医疗保健和环境问题的创新解决方案提供了创新的战略和机遇。这篇综述总结了纳米纤维技术的历史和发展，纳米纤维的独特性能，制造技术（使用纺丝和非纺丝方法）以及在能量收集和存储，环境保护和改良以及生物医学技术和医疗保健方面的新兴应用。纳米纤维目前被用作电池，超级电容器，燃料电池和太阳能电池的电极和膜材料。纳米纤维膜还成功用于超高空气过滤，废水处理，水净化和低压血液净化。这篇综述将描述由天然和合成聚合物，金属和金属氧化物，碳基，无机-有机杂化纳米纤维制造的不同类型的纳米结构纤维（例如，实心，中孔，中空，核壳纳米纤维）及其潜在应用。此外，它将强调纳米纤维基材料的当前和未来研究需求，以改善和扩大其应用和商业化。 （C）2019 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

Published: 2019

Journal ：APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY

Impact Factor：8.352

Paper link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352940719305414